Fundamental Elements of Excellent Graphic Design

 

In simple terms, graphic design involves combining images, text, and concepts to communicate a message effectively. Graphic designers came up with numerous tips and techniques over the years. 

However, the fundamental concepts of graphic design remain the same. It applies to even the most complex projects. These fundamentals define and regulate the interaction of elements with each other. 

Here are some of them detailed below: 

Line 

The invisible lines in print grids act as guides for structure and direction. In some cases, designers would also use visible lines to communicate messages and imply movement. Common use cases for lines include: 

•   Heavier dark ones communicate stability 

•   Scribbled means excitement or confusion 

•   Zig-zags express electricity 

• Wavy lines suggest elegance or beauty 

Shapes 

Geometric shapes are an integral part of graphic design. It can be either two- or three-dimensional, depending on the project. A conventional portfolio uses shapes like: 

• Cubes 

•  Squares

• Rectangles 

•  Pentagons 

• Triangles

•  Octagons 

•  Circles 

• Ellipses 

Essentially, designers often use symmetrical and asymmetrical organic shapes to create more natural-looking results. Similar to other elements, the purpose of shapes changes accordingly based on their application. 

Color 

As per the color theory, strategical uses of hues help to communicate different emotions. Designers can choose a single color or a combination of multiple shades in a harmonious way. Color harmonies are chosen based on their position on the wheel. It is essential to select an ideal tint and shade for a project because of the significant impact of color on the final output. 

Texture 

The feel of any surface is known as texture. It can be smooth, rough, soft, or even gloss. Textures in graphic design add depth and make a portfolio look professional. There are different ways to integrate this element, as designers can choose organic textures or abstract patterns. 

Space 

The most overlooked element in graphic design is space. Projects without enough space can become too visually cluttering. This characteristic helps to separate objects or convey the relationship between them. 

Positive spaces are essential to draw the focus of audiences towards a message or object. It even helps to elevate the final result.